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Mesothelioma and Asbestos Exposure Mesothelioma is caused by exposure to asbestos. The exposure may have occurred at work or at the home. The symptoms of pleural cancer include chest pain, coughing and a dry cough. Other symptoms include abdominal pain, fluid accumulation and testicular carcinoma. There are four different mesothelioma types. The most common is pleural mesothelioma. Workplace Exposure Asbestos exposure is the most common cause of mesothelioma. The cancer affects linings of certain organs, like the lungs, or abdomen. This harmful mineral, which is utilized in many industries, can cause fine dust to be inhaled and inhaled when it breaks down. Many occupations historically have involved the exposure of workers to asbestos. This includes asbestos insulators, plumbers, electricians, shipyard workers and producers of automotive parts, brake pads, clutches and packing. Construction workers exposed to asbestos through their construction materials or when taking down old buildings, face the risk of exposure. Mesothelioma occurs when mesothelial cells develop mutations and begin to grow out of control, forming tumors that can spread throughout the body. Mesothelioma typically develops in the abdomen or lungs, but can also occur in other organs like the testicles and heart. There are different types of mesothelioma. Each type is named by the organ it affects. The symptoms of mesothelioma typically show up 30 to 50 years after the initial exposure. Mesothelioma is a rare cancer that is difficult to diagnose and can take years for the disease to manifest itself. Asbestos victims must seek medical help to be diagnosed and receive treatment. Non-occupational asbestos exposure may increase the risk of mesothelioma. Secondary or indirect exposures happen when people come into contact with asbestos fibers through clothes that are contaminated or other household items. The exposure can occur when family members clean and wash one's work clothes, or when someone lives near an industrial asbestos source. A few case-control studies based on population have evaluated para-occupational asbestos exposure and mesothelioma risks. One such study found mesothelioma risks that were significant in the communities that are near an asbestos cement factory in Casale Monferrato, northwest Italy. The authors attribute the increase in mesothelioma risk to the residential proximity of the plant, and exposure to airborne particles from the use of asbestos cement products on nearby roads and buildings. Similar results have been found in other studies involving communities that have clearly defined industrial sources for exposure to para-occupational hazards. However these studies are difficult to conduct. Certain studies have had difficulties separating out individuals with known occupational or occupational exposure to asbestos, which could cause to them to make mistakes in assessing the mesothelioma risk of those people. Environmental Exposure Asbestos is a class of minerals with thin microscopic fibers. Because they are invulnerable to chemical fires, as well as electricity, asbestos has been utilized in a variety industrial processes and products. Waterloo asbestos attorneys who work with asbestos or are exposed to them in other ways have a higher chance of developing mesothelioma. This includes asbestos miners, shipyard workers, asbestos-cement producers, and insulation. However, mesothelioma may be brought home on workers' clothing and hair and put their families at risk, too. The most important cause of mesothelioma lies in occupational exposure to asbestos. However, a small number of cases have been reported in individuals with non-occupational (para-occupational) exposure to asbestos. In these instances asbestos fibers could be ingested into the lungs or the digestive tract through air contamination or by eating a person's contaminated food. The mesothelioma-related deaths have typically been reported in families of asbestos-exposed workers. The diagnosis of mesothelioma is usually discovered decades after asbestos exposure. Tumors are typically found in the abdomen and chest. The most prevalent mesothelioma type affects the lining of the chest cavity. The other most common type of mesothelioma affects the abdominal cavity's lining, called the peritoneum. The mesothelioma cancer cells are classified as epithelioid and sarcomatoid. About 60% to 70 percent of mesothelioma cases are epithelioid and has the best prognosis. Sarcomatoid mesothelioma, on contrary is more aggressive and has a less favorable prognosis. Biphasic mesothelioma, a type of meso that is seen in 10 to 15% of patients. It combines epithelioid cells with sarcomatoid cells. Men are more likely to develop mesothelioma compared to women. Most of those diagnosed with the disease were exposed to asbestos while at work. The reason behind this gap between men and women is not known. This is probably due to the fact that more males are employed in fields such as construction and manufacturing that frequently employ asbestos. Numerous studies have demonstrated mesothelioma to be more prevalent in communities that have multiple asbestos-related sources. For example, one study of mesothelioma patients in 70 communities that were exposed to contaminated vermiculite at the Libby asbestos mine in Montana revealed that people living within 2000 meters of the facility were at a higher risk of mesothelioma. Genetic Predisposition In some cases genetics play a significant role in mesothelioma. The disease is believed to be caused by hereditary changes in genes which interfere with the DNA repair mechanisms. Researchers have identified several genes that may lead patients to mesothelioma. Certain studies have revealed that those with mesothelioma in their family are more likely to develop mesothelioma than those who do not have any family history. The mechanism behind the disease is not completely understood. It is well-known that environmental and occupational exposure to asbestos can cause mesothelioma. Not all people exposed to asbestos will develop mesothelioma. Many mesothelioma patients do not have any asbestos exposure, and some individuals who have extensive occupational exposure don't develop the disease. These patients are likely to have genetic mutations that hinder DNA repair processes. A genetic mesothelioma test is used to determine if an individual has the hereditary gene mutations that can increase their chance of developing the disease. The test can be conducted by a doctor using samples of saliva or blood. The sample is sent to the laboratory to be tested. The results of the test can usually be obtained within two weeks. Certain families with multiple mesothelioma cases have a mutation in the gene BAP1. This gene is involved with repairing damaged DNA. The mutation can cause cancerous cells to become over-produced which later spread to other parts of your body and lead to mesothelioma. The genetic mesothelioma test is an effective tool to identify diseases related to asbestos. They can help doctors better understand the causes of asbestos-related illnesses and formulate more effective treatments. Avoiding exposure to asbestos in the workplace and in the environment can prevent exposure to asbestos that is not intended for. Discuss with your doctor if you have a family history of mesothelioma. Some people may also benefit by participating in mesothelioma screening programs that require the use of a cheek swab or a blood sample. In these programs the prognosis of a patient's mesothelioma is assessed by a team of experts. The patient's mesothelioma treatment program is then formulated in accordance with their specific diagnosis. Treatment Mesothelioma develops when minuscule asbestos fibers get into the body, causing damage that can lead to cancer. Asbestos exposure can occur in many ways, including when employees break up asbestos to get rid of it, or when people carry asbestos fibers home on their clothes and skin after leaving work. These fibers can enter the stomach and lungs where they cause irritation which can lead to cancer. The signs of mesothelioma may not be apparent for 20 to 50 years after exposure, therefore it's crucial that anyone who might have been exposed to asbestos consult their doctor immediately. The majority of mesothelioma cases are men and the disease more often affects the linings of the lungs. Other mesothelioma types can be found in the stomach's lining or peritoneum. the lining of the testicles or the heart. Like any other type of cancer, mesothelioma caused by cells that grow uncontrollably, forming a tumour. The abnormal cells could expand to other areas of the body, leading to more cancerous tumours. Researchers do not fully understand the cause of mesothelioma. However, they do know that asbestos exposure is a significant risk factor. Patients with mesothelioma are often treated with chemotherapy and surgery to stop the progression of their illness. It's important for people who have been exposed to asbestos to keep track of their health and consult with their doctors about their work background. Mesothelioma patients must also undergo regular screenings for signs of asbestos and other possible health issues. The most frequent mesothelioma symptoms include discomfort and a buildup fluid around the lungs. Other symptoms can include chest pain, coughing and a feeling of pressure on the abdomen and chest abdominal swelling, difficulty breathing and weight loss and fever. Mesothelioma is a condition that can cause symptoms similar to those of other diseases and conditions. X-rays and bloodwork can confirm the diagnosis. Certain mesothelioma patients could have genetic mutations in their DNA, which increase their chances of developing the disease. These patients should consult their doctor about genetic counseling.